Art Pictures and Study Guide

ART PICTURES TO MEMORIZE

Early Renaissance

1. Expulsion from the Garden of Eden by Massaccio
Time and Location  -  1427, Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence

2. Birth of Venus by Botticelli

Time and Location - 1480, Uffizi

3. Duke and Duchess of Urbino by Piero Francesca

Time and Location - 1465, Florence

Roman Renaissance 

4. Creation of Man by Michelangelo
Time and Location - 1511, Vatican

5.  School of Athens by Raphael

Time and Location - 1510-1511, Vatican

Counter-Reformation Baroque 

6. Calling of St. Matthew 

Time and Location - 1597-98, Contarelli Chapel, Rome 

7. Ecstasy of St. Theresa of Avila

Time and Location - 1647-1652, Our Lady of Victory, Rome

Northern Renaissance and Bourgeois Baroque 

8. Ghent Altarpiece by Hubert and Jan van Eyck

Time and Location - 1432, Cathedral of St. Bavo, Ghent

9. The Milkmaid by Vermeer 

Time and Location - 1658 , Rijks Museum 

Counter- Reformation and Aristocratic Baroque 

10. Maids of Honor by Diego Velazquez 

Time and Location - 1656, Prado, Madrid

NeoClassicism and Romanticism 

11. Oath of the Horatii by Jacques Louis David 

Time and Location - 1784, Louvre

12. Liberty Leading the People by Eugene Delacroix

Time and Location - 1830, Louvre 

Impressionism 

13. Water Lily Pond by Monet 

Time and location - 1899, Paris

14. Basket of Apples by Cezanne

Time and Location - 1895, Art Institute of Chicago

15. Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh 

Time and Location - 1889, Museum of Modern Art, NYC

Modern Art

16. Les Demoiselles d'Avignon by Picasso

Time and Location - 1907, Museum of Modern Art, NYC

17. Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali 

Time and Location - 1931, MoMA, NYC 

Notes for Art

Italian Renaissance - 

Perspective - technique of making a 2-D plane appear 3-D

Linear - technique of making objects in the distance appear relatively smaller

Atmospheric - technique of making objects in the distance appear blurrier

Vanishing Point - point on the horizon at which parallel lines appear to converge

Foreshortening - technique in which figures seem to recede into the background 

1400-1600 Christian Humanism

1400-1500 Early Renaissance (Florentine)

1500-1520 High Renaissance (Roman)

Michelangelo, Raphael, de Vinci 

Rebirth in Classic Art, Philosophy, Literature 

Rise of the wealthy merchant class

Architecture - in relation to man 

Use of the circle and square 

Sculpture - more life like than gothic which is more life like than romanesque

Imitating the style of ancient Greek artists but using Greek Heros

Find the human body to be beautiful 

Painters - Michelangelo 1475-1564, de Vinci 1452 - 1519, Raphael 1483-1520

Northern Renaissance and Bourgeois Baroque

1400-1600

France, England, and Germany (North of the Alps)

Naturalism

Development of oil paint

Religious Strife

Bourgeois Baroque - 1600's 

Exploration and colonization 

increased wealth of Merchant class 

development in math, philo., and astronomy 

Painting types - 

Historical, landscapes, genre, still-life, groups

Paintings more realistic 

secular themes  with some biblical themes

composition much more complex

decorated homes of the rich 

Polyptych - a picture on four or more leaves or panels, usually connected with a hinge that can open or close

Triptych - like a polyptych, with three panels or leaves

Diptych - with two panels

Genre Scenes - paintings or sculptures of ordinary, everyday activities

corporation pictures - group portraits 

Counter Reformation Baroque - 

After the Council of Trent, called for reform, clarification of Doctrine and Disciplinary Reforms 

Directions for Art and Architecture - 

- Images should appeal to our senses and bring us to Prayer 

Catholic response to Protestant reformation

Exuberant style 

Obelisk - sign of continuity 

Deep Highlights for buildings during this time

Chiaroscuro - dramatic use of light and shade in a painting 

Aristocratic Baroque - 1500-1700's

Illusionistic techniques 

Triumph of the Cross

Splendor of the Monarchy 

Ornate, decorative, frivolous

Neoclassicism and Romanticism- 

Neo - embraces the ideals 

Rom - reacts against them

Secular Humanism - takes man how they are without God in the picture 

Neo - Mid 18th-19th Century 

strict adherence to the forms of art

Must follow rules

glorification of Rationalism

Rom - 

end of the 18th century 

breaks the rules 

freedom of form

Emphasis on color and expression

glorification of the sublime, passionate, violent or nature

Realism - 

mid 1800's 

reaction to neo and rom 

characterized by the idea of truth to nature and social realities 

Real means "material, or visible, world"

un-idealized scenes of modern life

Impressionism - 

1874-1886 and beyond

last phase of the style of Western Art introduced by Giotto

Casual style - idea of the snapshot

Sketchy brush strokes to capture atmosphere and effects of light

bright colors

painting outdoors

After Impressionism - less transient and less superficial

Modern Art 

Beginning of the 20th Century -

Covers many vastly different movements, artists and styles

Characterized by:

Break from tradition 

emphasis on novelty

glorification of avant-garde 

Avant-garde - 

Cubism - 

break down the form 

simplify into geometric shapes

re-assemble according to artist's idea and or multiple viewpoints

fauvism - savage-ism - freedom of color

Art Nouveau - New Art - secessionism 

new as in not like art of the past

Fantastic Art - inspired by fantasy

Abstract Art - painting without a concrete subject, no recognizable object 

Dada - no meaning - 1916-1922 - anti-art for anti-art's sake 

anti war, anarchy

Surrealism - merging the unconscious realm with the conscious, creating a surrealism heavily influenced by Freud's thinking emphasis on the irrational 

American Realists - artists who never embraced the modernist movement, but kept painting traditionally 

Abstract expressionism - abstract art that express artists feelings "Painting as an event"

Pop Art - Art that embraces the pop culture

contemporary - today